Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) – Chemical Composition, Equivalents & Products
Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) – UNS R56400, WNR 3.7165 – is the most widely used titanium alloy. With about 6% aluminium and 4% vanadium, it is an alpha-beta alloy with a minimum tensile strength of about 895 MPa, more than twice that of commercially pure Grade 2, at a density of only about 4.43 g/cm³. It combines this strength with the excellent corrosion resistance of titanium and can be heat treated to higher strength.
Giriraj Impex supplies titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) – we manufacture flanges, fittings, bars and fasteners, and stock and supply pipes, tubes, plates and sheets – mainly as round bars, fasteners, plates and forgings, to ASTM and AMS specifications.
Chemical composition and mechanical properties
| Grade | UNS | N | C | H | Fe | O | Al | V | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | R50250 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.18 | – | – | – |
| Grade 2 | R50400 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.25 | – | – | – |
| Grade 5 | R56400 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.40 | 0.20 | 5.5–6.75 | 3.5–4.5 | – |
| Grade 7 | R52400 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.25 | – | – | Pd 0.12–0.25 |
| Grade 12 | R53400 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.25 | – | – | Mo 0.2–0.4, Ni 0.6–0.9 |
Hydrogen limits differ slightly between product forms; residual element limits as given in each ASTM specification.
| Grade | Tensile strength, MPa (ksi) | Yield strength 0.2%, MPa (ksi) | Elongation, % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | 240 (35) | 138 (20) | 24 |
| Grade 2 | 345 (50) | 275 (40) | 20 |
| Grade 5 | 895 (130) | 828 (120) | 10 |
| Grade 7 | 345 (50) | 275 (40) | 20 |
| Grade 12 | 483 (70) | 345 (50) | 18 |
Grades 1, 2 and 7 also have maximum yield strength limits. Values are typical of ASTM B265 and B348; check the specification for the product form.
Grade 5 is shown with the other titanium grades for comparison. Grade 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) has lower oxygen and iron limits for better toughness and is used for medical implants and fracture-critical parts.
Equivalent designations and specifications
| ASTM grade | UNS | WNR (EN / DIN number) | Common name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | R50250 | 3.7025 | CP titanium, soft |
| Grade 2 | R50400 | 3.7035 | CP titanium |
| Grade 5 | R56400 | 3.7165 | Ti-6Al-4V |
| Grade 7 | R52400 | 3.7235 | Ti-0.15Pd |
| Grade 12 | R53400 | 3.7105 | Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni |
Equivalent designations are similar but not identical; order to the standard you need.
| Product | Specification |
|---|---|
| Bars and billets | ASTM B348; AMS 4928 |
| Sheet, strip and plate | ASTM B265; AMS 4911 |
| Forgings | ASTM B381 F-5 |
| Medical (ELI) | ASTM F136 (Grade 23) |
| Fasteners | ASTM F467 / F468 |
Physical properties
| Property | Grade 2 | Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Density, g/cm³ | 4.51 | 4.43 |
| Melting point / range, °C | approx. 1665 | approx. 1604–1660 |
| Thermal conductivity, W/m·K | approx. 16 | approx. 7 |
| Modulus of elasticity, GPa | approx. 105 | approx. 114 |
| Magnetic | No | No |
Typical values from recognised industry references, for guidance only; they are not specification limits.
Titanium Grade 5 products we supply
- Titanium Grade 5 round bars – ASTM B348, AMS 4928
- Titanium round bars – all grades
Grade 5 fasteners, plates, flanges and forgings are also supplied – see the titanium page, and titanium Grade 2 for corrosion-resistant equipment.
Where titanium Grade 5 is used
Aerospace: airframe fittings, fasteners, landing-gear parts and engine fan and compressor components. Oil and gas and offshore: riser stress joints, drilling components, subsea connectors and fasteners, where high strength, low weight and seawater resistance matter. Marine and motorsport: propeller shafts, connecting rods, valves, springs and fasteners. Medical: implants and surgical instruments in the ELI grade. Industry: high-strength fasteners and parts for chemical and seawater equipment.
Titanium Grade 5 compared with other materials
Compared with Grade 2, Grade 5 is more than twice as strong but less formable and harder to weld and machine, so Grade 2 is used for piping and vessels and Grade 5 for highly stressed parts. Compared with high-strength steels, Grade 5 gives similar strength at about 56% of the weight, with far better corrosion resistance. Compared with Inconel 718, it is lighter but loses strength at a lower temperature, and is generally used below about 400 °C.
Heat treatment, machining and welding
Grade 5 is normally supplied mill annealed; solution treating and ageing raise strength further for selected parts. Machining requires sharp carbide tools, low speeds, heavy feeds and plenty of coolant, because titanium's low thermal conductivity concentrates heat at the cutting edge; fine chips can burn and must be handled safely. Welding is by TIG, plasma or electron beam with full inert-gas shielding, and weld ductility is lower than that of the commercially pure grades.
Sizes and supply
Titanium Grade 5 is supplied in the product forms listed above, in metric and imperial sizes. Because titanium alloys are produced by a limited number of mills and in smaller quantities than stainless steel, availability of each size, the delivery of special sizes and the minimum mill quantities are confirmed with each quotation. Cut lengths, cut plates and machined blanks reduce waste of an expensive alloy and can be supplied on request. Please send the full requirement – grade, specification, product, size, quantity and testing – so that the complete package can be quoted together.
Documents and inspection
Material is supplied with mill test certificates showing heat number, chemical composition and mechanical properties. Ultrasonic testing is normally specified for aerospace and critical offshore bar, and third-party inspection is available on request.
Frequently Asked Questions
Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V, UNS R56400) is a titanium alloy with about 6% aluminium and 4% vanadium, with high strength and low density.
Minimum tensile strength is about 895 MPa and yield about 828 MPa in the annealed condition.
Grade 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) has lower oxygen and iron for better toughness, and is used for medical implants.
ASTM B348 for industrial use and AMS 4928 for aerospace.
About 4.43 g/cm³, around 56% of steel.
Titanium Grade 5 is WNR 3.7165.
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